Trigger finger causes a finger or thumb to catch, click or lock as it bends, sometimes with pain at the base of the digit. It happens when a tendon cannot glide smoothly through its surrounding sheath.
Why it happens
The tendon that bends the finger runs through a tunnel of tissue. If the tendon or tunnel thickens, the tendon catches as it moves, producing the characteristic clicking or locking. It is more common with repetitive gripping and in certain health conditions.
Non-surgical treatment
Many cases settle with rest, activity changes, splinting or a steroid injection, which reduces swelling around the tendon and allows it to glide freely again. Injections are often effective, particularly early on.
Surgery
If symptoms persist or recur, a small procedure releases the tight part of the tendon sheath so the tendon moves smoothly. It is usually done under local anaesthetic through a tiny incision in the palm and is very effective.
Recovery
The hand is used gently straight away, with the catching usually resolved immediately. Soreness settles over a couple of weeks, and normal activity returns soon after. Learn more on our hand surgery page or book a consultation.
Frequently asked questions
What causes trigger finger?
It occurs when a tendon cannot glide smoothly through its sheath, usually because the tendon or sheath has thickened, causing the finger to catch or lock as it bends.
Can trigger finger be treated without surgery?
Often yes. Rest, splinting and a steroid injection resolve many cases, particularly when treated early. Surgery is considered if symptoms persist or return.
What does trigger finger surgery involve?
A small procedure under local anaesthetic releases the tight part of the tendon sheath through a tiny incision in the palm, allowing the tendon to move freely. It is very effective.
How quickly will I recover?
The catching is usually resolved immediately, the hand is used gently straight away, and soreness settles over a couple of weeks.
This article is general information and not a substitute for individual medical advice. Results vary between patients and all surgery carries risks. Always discuss your circumstances with a GMC-registered consultant surgeon.
